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31.
32.
Qiang Xia Tao Feng Xiaowei Lou Ying Wang Yangying Sun Daodong Pan Jinxuan Cao 《International Journal of Food Science & Technology》2020,55(2):669-680
As a decisive attribute, flavour could be influenced by HP treatments through multiple physical and chemical pathways within the high pressure (HP)-assisted meat curing process. This investigation aimed to identify the major pathway influencing volatile flavour patterns of two representative vinasse-cured duck (VCD) products with HP treatments (150–300 MPa/15 min), including wet and dry types, by employing headspace fingerprinting as an untargeted approach. Results suggested that HP treatments greatly lowered moisture contents and increased Warner-Bratzler shear force and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances of the cured samples. According to multivariate models, the volatile flavour patterns of the HP-processed VCD could be clearly separated from the unprocessed samples, but the VCD pressurised at different intensities represented similar volatile fingerprinting, which was validated by e-nose analysis. The discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) model outlined vinasse-derived ethanol, acetic acid, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, phenethyl alcohol and 2-methyl-3-octanone as the major discriminant aromas across the unpressurised and pressurised samples. 相似文献
33.
本文采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)测定豆制品中铝的含量,对测定过程中可能引入的不确定度进行分析和评定。根据CNAS-CL01-G003:2019对测定不确定度的有关要求,建立了不确定度评定的数学模型,分析不确定度的主要来源,并将各分量进行合成。当铝含量为39.56mg/kg时,扩展不确定度为2.51mg/kg(k=2)。针对引起测定不确定度的主要贡献者,通过几种改变测量方法的途径,使其中3 个主要分量分别从0. 019 662、0. 002 412、0.002 74下降为0. 010 085、 0. 001 520、0. 001 66,效果显著,达到了降低影响结果准确性因素的目的。 相似文献
34.
Nonribosomal Peptides Produced by Minimal and Engineered Synthetases with Terminal Reductase Domains
Andreas Tietze Dr. Yan-Ni Shi Dr. Max Kronenwerth Prof. Dr. Helge B. Bode 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(19):2750-2754
Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) use terminal reductase domains for 2-electron reduction of the enzyme-bound thioester releasing the generated peptides as C-terminal aldehydes. Herein, we reveal the biosynthesis of a pyrazine that originates from an aldehyde-generating minimal NRPS termed ATRed in entomopathogenic Xenorhabdus indica. Reductase domains were also investigated in terms of NRPS engineering and, although no general applicable approach was deduced, we show that they can indeed be used for the production of similar natural and unnatural pyrazinones. 相似文献
35.
36.
Oxoisoaporphine Alkaloids: Prospective Anti‐Alzheimer's Disease,Anticancer, and Antidepressant Agents 下载免费PDF全文
Oxoisoaporphine alkaloids are a family of oxoisoquinoline‐derived alkaloids that were first isolated from the rhizome of Menispermum dauricum DC. (Menispermaceae). It has been demonstrated that oxoisoaporphine alkaloids possess various biological properties, such as cholinesterase and β‐amyloid inhibition, acting as a topoisomerase intercalator, monoamine oxidase A inhibition, and are expected to become anti‐Alzheimer's disease, anticancer, and antidepressant drugs. This review provides an overview of natural sources, synthetic routes, bioactivities, structure–function relationship, and modification investigations into oxoisoaporphine alkaloids, with the aim of providing references to the structure–activity relationships for the design and development of oxoisoaporphine derivatives with higher efficacy and therapeutic potential. 相似文献
37.
Dr. Camila M. Crnkovic Dr. Jana Braesel Dr. Aleksej Krunic Prof. Dr. Alessandra S. Eustáquio Prof. Dr. Jimmy Orjala 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(6):845-852
Cyanobactins are a large family of cyanobacterial ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs) often associated with biological activities, such as cytotoxicity, antiviral, and antimalarial activities. They are traditionally described as cyclic molecules containing heterocyclized amino acids. However, this definition has been recently challenged by the discovery of short, linear cyanobactins containing three to five amino acids as well as cyanobactins containing no heterocyclized residues. Herein we report the discovery of scytodecamide ( 1 ) from the freshwater cyanobacterium Scytonema sp. UIC 10036. Structural elucidation based on mass spectrometry, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and Marfey's method revealed 1 to be a linear decapeptide with an N-terminal N-methylation and a C-terminal amidation. The genome of Scytonema sp. UIC 10036 was sequenced, and bioinformatic analysis revealed a cyanobactin-like biosynthetic gene cluster consistent with the structure of 1 . The discovery of 1 as a novel linear peptide containing an N-terminal N-methylation and a C-terminal amidation expands the chemical and genetic diversity of the cyanobactin family of compounds. 相似文献
38.
Hans Jagusch Tim U. H. Baumeister Prof. Dr. Georg Pohnert 《Chembiochem : a European journal of chemical biology》2020,21(17):2419-2424
Oxylipins constitute a family of oxidized fatty acids, that are well known as tissue hormones in mammals. They contribute to inflammation and its resolution. The major classes of these lipid mediators are inflammatory prostaglandins (PGs) and leukotrienes (LTs) as well as pro-resolving resolvins (Rvs). Understanding their biosynthetic pathways and modes of action is important for anti-inflammatory interventions. Besides mammals, marine algae also biosynthesize mammalian-like oxylipins and thus offer new opportunities for oxylipin research. They provide prolific sources for these compounds and offer unique opportunities to study alternative biosynthetic pathways to the well-known lipid mediators. Herein, we discuss recent findings on the biosynthesis of oxylipins in mammals and algae including an alternative pathway to prostaglandin E2, a novel pathway to a precursor of leukotriene B4, and the production of resolvins in algae. We evaluate the pharmacological potential of the algal metabolites with implications in health and disease. 相似文献
39.
研究了化香果提取物对水产常见9种致病菌嗜水气单胞菌(Aeromonas hydrophila)、温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)、豚鼠气单胞菌(Aeromonas caviae)、维氏气单胞菌(Aeromonas veronii)、迟钝爱德华菌(Edwardsiella tarda)、副溶血弧菌(Vibrio parahaemolyticus)、鼠疫耶尔森氏菌(Yersinia pestis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)和金黄色葡萄球菌(Staphylococcus aureus)的抑菌活性。研究结果表明:化香果提取物对9种细菌均具有抑制作用,最小抑菌浓度为4.50 g/L。对每种细菌而言,抑菌效果随化香果提取物质量浓度的增加而增强,其中对大肠杆菌的抑制能力最强,IC50值为0.035 g/L;金黄色葡萄球菌次之,IC50值为0.053 g/L。对雌雄小鼠急性经口毒性试验结果表明化香果提取物对小鼠的急性经口半数致死量(LD50值)分别为5 010和7 940 mg/kg体质量,表明化香果提取物属于实际无毒级。 相似文献
40.
Magdiel Inggrid Setyawati Zhitong Zhao Kee Woei Ng 《Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2020,16(36)
Ingestion of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is inevitable due to their widespread utilization in the agrifood industry. Safety evaluation has become pivotal to identify the consequences on human health of exposure to these ingested ENMs. Much of the current understanding of nanotoxicology in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is derived from studies utilizing pristine ENMs. In reality, agrifood ENMs interact with their microenvironment, and undergo multiple physicochemical transformations, such as aggregation/agglomeration, dissolution, speciation change, and surface characteristics alteration, across their life cycle from synthesis to consumption. This work sieves out the implications of ENM transformations on their behavior, stability, and reactivity in food and product matrices and through the GIT, in relation to measured toxicological profiles. In particular, a strong emphasis is given to understand the mechanisms through which these transformations can affect ENM induced gut nanotoxicity. 相似文献